【Price reduced significantly】 Please refrain from further price reductions. The contents have no writing, etc., It was stored in the closet, so I think it's in a clean condition. It's an out-of-print masterpiece, but I think it's the lowest price. Will ship immediately upon confirmation. Nicolosi (Fux, Johann Joseph Fux, 1660–1741) was an Austrian composer and music theorist, especially known for his counterpoint textbook "Gradus ad Parnassum." This textbook has been used for a long time in Western music education as a basic resource for learning pure counterpoint (Species Counterpoint) in music theory. "Gradus ad Parnassum" is structured to learn counterpoint in 5 stages (5 species): 1. 1st species - Place one note for each note, using only perfect consonances. 2. 2nd species - Place two notes for each note, combining notes of different rhythms. 3. 3rd species - Place four notes for each note, allowing for more fluid rhythms. 4. 4th species - When placing two or more notes for each note, create a flow of harmony using suspensions. 5. 5th species - Free counterpoint. Use counterpoint freely, combining the techniques learned so far. This method has become a standard for cultivating advanced musical composition skills in Baroque and Classical music, and it is said that Bach and Mozart also studied this theory. Nicolosi's counterpoint is widely adopted, especially for the purpose of teaching students the balance of music and the handling of independent voices, and it is still regarded as fundamental to music theory today. #Nicolosi #Counterpoint