Most Old Noritake (Maple Leaf mark) pieces from 1891 to 1915 can be considered to have hand-painted designs and glazes. Especially during this period, decorations such as gold accents, raised dots, and floral paintings were meticulously applied by hand by skilled artisans for export to Europe and America. The painting was mostly done by hand by delicate artisans, using a variety of paints and gold accents. Also, the **moriage technique (three-dimensional decoration using enamel and gold accents)** is a characteristic of this era. Because mechanical transfer techniques were not yet widespread, the focus was on highly artistic works created by hand. In later periods (late Taisho era to early Showa era), mass-produced items increased with the introduction of transfer paper technology, but it is generally safe to assume that products from the Maple Leaf mark era (1891-1915) were hand-painted and handcrafted. ◆Please understand that the condition of the items is based on the premise that they are antiques.