❣️ Special Sale to Commemorate Hanshin's Victory! ❣️ Foreword The concept of "equilibrium" poses an epistemological obstacle to the advancement of analysis in modern economics. Unless we reject this concept (or, more precisely, this category) and consciously strive to free ourselves from its spell, economics will not be able to overcome its current theoretical confusion. The arguments in this book are based on the above claims. Of course, this is not something that can be proven. What I have been able to do here is to suggest, across various aspects of theoretical analysis, how taking an unreflective attitude towards an important category like "equilibrium" causes significant errors and distortions of perspective in economics. The concept of "epistemological obstacle," which is key to this book, originally comes from Bachelard. He used this term for the general mentality that keeps people's thinking in a pre-scientific state, but it can also be applied after the establishment of science. Any conceptual system, as a counterpart to giving our thinking a certain perspective, creates a specific blind spot in the analysis of the object. An epistemological obstacle refers to the concept or conceptual system that creates this hidden part, the field of view = dark field, when it hinders the development of science. This book consists of three chapters, each with three sections, preceded by a preface. The preface reveals the problem consciousness of this book, but those who are not accustomed to this kind of discussion may skip it. Chapter 1 illustrates why "equilibrium" is an epistemological obstacle. Section 1, together with the preface, serves as an introduction that provides an overview of the book, and explains the basic points of the homogeneous concept, focusing on price equilibrium. Section 2 attempts a detailed interpretation of the Arrow-Debreu model, which is a typical or extreme development of Walras' general equilibrium theory. Except for section 2.0, it aims for an intrinsic understanding. It should be useful even for those who have expectations for general equilibrium theory. "Equilibrium" and "stationary state," which are separated from the examination of a simple example of transitional equilibrium, are two concepts that have been confused until now. 【Omitted】 Preface: Towards a Psychoanalysis of Economics 0.1 "Equilibrium" - A Central Concept in Economics So-called modern economics began with the marginal revolution of the 1870s. This economics includes various stages and schools, and is merely a collective noun for the most heterogeneous theories, but there is one common idea. That is "equilibrium". 【Omitted】